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Stainless steel rods are used in many fields because they are more resistant to rust than iron and have high corrosion resistance. When processing stainless steel, it is important to know the temperature that the material can withstand.
There are different types of stainless steel, each with a different heat-resistant temperature. According to the type of stainless steel, it has different directions, so knowing the heat-resistant temperature in advance will help you choose a trouble-free material.
This time, we will introduce the heat-resistant temperature of various stainless steels and the characteristics of stainless steels related to them.
“Stainless steel” is the English version of “stainless steel” in English, and is used in Japanese. The direct translation is steel that does not rust, but in fact the understanding that steel does not rust is correct.
Unlike the heat-resistant steel abbreviated as SUH, the purpose of stainless steel (SUS) is to enhance corrosion resistance at room temperature. Therefore, stainless steel does not have special heat resistance. However, the general heat-resistant temperature of stainless steel rods is 700°C-800°C. Especially do not use in an environment above 900°C. It is guaranteed to be at least about 500°C, so it is safe in the general use range.
Here is an introduction to the heat-resistant temperature of various stainless steels.
The heat resistance of metals is considered from various aspects, but the “heat-resistant temperature” in this article refers to the tensile strength of metals at high temperatures (700°C to 800°C).
1. Austenite
Austenitic stainless steel is a well-balanced stainless steel that is relatively easy to process and has excellent corrosion resistance. In addition to ordinary steel, it also contains chromium (for corrosion resistance) and nickel (for stabilizing metal components).
Because it has a wide range of corrosion resistance, it is often used as a material for products exposed to rain and wind. Specifically, springs, belt conveyors, factories, industrial furnaces, etc.
Although it is a heat-resistant temperature, its strength between ferrite and martensite is as high as 600°C, but it is the most durable compared to other stainless steels above 600°C.
2. Ferrite
Ferrite is a stainless steel that does not contain nickel. Since it does not contain nickel, it cannot form a film that protects the metal surface. Although its corrosion resistance and strength are worse than other stainless steels, it can be manufactured at a lower cost.
However, it has the low corrosion resistance of stainless steel, so it can be used in a wide range of applications including kitchen appliances. Specifically, it includes household appliances parts, bolts and nuts, food equipment and bicycle rims.
It is characterized by strong magnetism, and the material can be determined by whether it adheres to the magnet. Regarding the heat resistance here, the heat resistance is relatively high in the vicinity of 300°C to 400°C, but drops sharply above 500°C.
3.Martensite
The martensitic type is a type that has the characteristic that the strength can be improved by subsequent quenching. In stainless steel, it has a high carbon content and a low chromium content.
Therefore, compared with other stainless steels, it has a composition that considers strength, and is usually used in products where strength is more important than corrosion resistance. Specifically, it includes blades, valves, brakes, bearings and turbine blades.
Regarding the heat-resistant temperature, its strength is higher than other stainless steels below 500°C, but the heat resistance drops sharply at higher temperatures.
4. Precipitation hardening
The precipitation hardening type is a type of stainless steel whose hardness is increased by tempering. It is characterized by the use of intermetallic compounds instead of carbides used in ordinary stainless steels, and compared with other stainless steels, the cost is higher due to the increase in the number of manufacturing steps required.
However, due to its high performance, it is often used as a material for high-end products. Specifically, it is used for shafts, turbines, springs, instrument parts, etc.
Stainless steel rods have broad application prospects and are widely used in hardware and kitchenware, shipbuilding, petrochemical, machinery, medicine, food, electric power, energy, building decoration, nuclear power, aerospace, military and other industries! Equipment used in sea water, chemical, dye, paper, oxalic acid, fertilizer and other production equipment; food industry, coastal facilities, ropes, CD rods, bolts, nuts. Because it is a material designed for the normal temperature range (mainly below 550°C), its heat resistance temperature is lower than other stainless steels. Specifically, it shows high strength at temperatures up to 500°C, but drops sharply above this temperature.
